In which disease Libman-Sacks endocarditis is commonly seen?

In which disease Libman-Sacks endocarditis is commonly seen?

Libman-Sacks endocarditis is a type of sterile nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) secondary to inflammation. It is the most characteristic cardiac manifestation of the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE; lupus).

What happens in Libman-Sacks endocarditis?

Libman-Sacks endocarditis, also known as murantic or verrucous endocarditis, is a form of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) which involves the presence of sterile vegetations on the cardiac valves.

How is Libman-Sacks endocarditis treated?

No specific therapy is indicated for Libman-Sacks endocarditis. Manage heart failure due to valvular dysfunction according to usual guidelines. Medications may include vasodilators, beta blockers, diuretics, and digoxin.

What are the classic signs and symptoms of endocarditis?

Common signs and symptoms of endocarditis include:

• Aching joints and muscles.
• Chest pain when you breathe.
• Fatigue.
• Flu-like symptoms, such as fever and chills.
• Night sweats.
• Shortness of breath.
• Swelling in your feet, legs or abdomen.

How is Libman-Sacks endocarditis diagnosed?

A diagnostic workup including chemistries, complete blood count, blood cultures, chest x-ray, and 2-D echocardiogram was performed to determine the etiology of her symptoms and differentiate between acute bacterial endocarditis and Libman–Sacks endocarditis.

What is the most common clinical manifestation of infective endocarditis?

Persistent or recurrent low grade fever is the most common symptom of IE. Other symptoms are nonspecific and include malaise, myalgia, arthralgia, anorexia, night sweats and headaches. Splenomegaly can be found in 15-50% of patients with IE. A new or changing murmur indicates valvular involvement.

How quickly does endocarditis develop?

There are two forms of infective endocarditis, also known as IE: Acute IE — develops suddenly and may become life threatening within days. Subacute or chronic IE (or subacute bacterial endocarditis) — develops slowly over a period of weeks to several months.

What is the survival rate of endocarditis?

Three problems hamper the prognosis of patients who survive the initial phase of infective endocarditis (IE): the rate of IE recurrence is 0.3-2.5/100 patient years, about 60% of patients will have to be operated on at some time, 20-30% during the initial stay, 30-40% during the following 5-8 years; five-year survival …

What is the affected organ in case of left sided verrucous endocarditis?

Right-sided lesions typically produce septic pulmonary emboli, which may result in pulmonary infarction, pneumonia, or empyema. Left-sided lesions may embolize to any tissue, particularly the kidneys, spleen, and central nervous system.

Does endocarditis cause coughing?

Sore throat, scratchy throat or pain when swallowing. Sinus drainage, nasal congestion, headaches or tenderness along upper cheekbones. Persistent dry or moist cough that lasts more than two days. White patches in your mouth or on your tongue.

How do you confirm endocarditis?

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1. Blood culture test. A blood culture test is used to identify any germs in your bloodstream.
2. Complete blood count.
3. Echocardiogram.
4. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG).
5. Chest X-ray.
6. Computerized tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

How long can endocarditis go untreated?

If acute endocarditis remains untreated, it can be fatal in less than six weeks. Untreated subacute endocarditis can cause death within six weeks to one year.

What are the signs and symptoms of Libman-Sacks endocarditis?

Mostly patients with Libman-Sacks endocarditis are asymptomatic. There may be the features of valvular disease if valves are severely affected with the mitral valve disease being more common than the aortic valve disease. Valvular regurgitation is more frequent than the valvular stenosis.

What is the prognosis of Libman–Sacks endocarditis?

Libman–Sacks lesions rarely produce significant valve dysfunction and the lesions only rarely embolize. However, there is data to suggest an association between Libman–Sacks endocarditis and a higher risk for embolic cerebrovascular disease in people with SLE.

What is the pathophysiology of Libman-Sacks endocarditis (SLE)?

The shift in valve pathology has been ascribed to steroid therapy and generally longer survival of patients with SLE, presumably allowing the more frequent emergence of fibrosed, malfunctioning valves as the end-stage or healed form of Libman-Sacks endocarditis. 4953

What is the treatment for Libman-Sacks endocarditis?

Aortic valve surgery for aortic regurgitation caused by Libman-Sacks endocarditis in a patient with primary antiphospholipid syndrome: a case report. [J Cardiothorac Surg. 2021]