What is specialized and generalized transduction?
There are two types of transduction: generalized and specialized. In generalized transduction, the bacteriophages can pick up any portion of the host’s genome. In contrast, with specialized transduction, the bacteriophages pick up only specific portions of the host’s DNA.
What is a generalized transduction?
Generalized transduction is the process by which any bacterial gene may be transferred to another bacterium via a bacteriophage, and typically carries only bacterial DNA and no viral DNA. In essence, this is the packaging of bacterial DNA into a viral envelope.
What is a Specialised transduction?
Specialized transduction is the process by which a restricted set of bacterial genes is transferred to another bacterium. The genes that get transferred (donor genes) flank where the prophage is located on the chromosome.
What is the difference between generalized transduction and transformation?
Key points: In transformation, a bacterium takes up a piece of DNA floating in its environment. In transduction, DNA is accidentally moved from one bacterium to another by a virus.
What is the difference between generalized and specialized transduction quizlet?
Generalized transduction is not limited to a particular DNA sequence. In specialized transduction, only certain host sequences are transferred (along with phage DNA).
How is generalized transduction different from specialized transduction quizlet?
How is generalized transduction different from specialized transduction? Generalized transduction is initiated during lytic cycle of a virulent bacteriophage; specialized transduction is initiated during the lysogenic cycle of a temperate bacteriophage.
What kind of phages bring about specialized transduction?
Another well-known specialized transducer phage is φ80trp that can carry the tryptophan operon (at about 27 and 1/2 min). The specialized transducer phage must be a temperate phages, which transduces (only) the special gene located at its integration site.
What is the result of specialized transduction?
Specialized Transduction The DNA integrates into the chromosome of the host cell, forming a prophage. At some point induction occurs, where the prophage is excised from the bacterial chrosomsome.
What type of bacteriophage carries out specialized transduction?
Temperate phages carry out specialised transduction. Specialised transduction occurs through lysogenic cycles. In the specialised transduction virus carries only the specific part of the bacterial genome.
What is the difference between transduction and transfection?
Transfection is the process of introducing nucleic acids into cells by non-viral methods. Transduction is the process whereby foreign DNA is introduced into another cell via a viral vector. These are common tools to introduce a foreign gene into host cells.
What is the relationship between generalized and specialized transduction and the lytic and lysogenic cycles?
Generalized transduction occurs when a random piece of bacterial chromosomal DNA is transferred by the phage during the lytic cycle. Specialized transduction occurs at the end of the lysogenic cycle, when the prophage is excised and the bacteriophage enters the lytic cycle.
What is unique about transduction compared?
What is unique about transduction compared to normal bacteriophage infection? The bacteriophage does not erupt from an infected cell during transduction. Transduction transfers DNA from the chromosome of one cell to another. The bacteriophage takes fragments of the cell with it during transduction.