How do you manage a patient with polytrauma?

How do you manage a patient with polytrauma?

In the polytrauma patient, all fractures should be initially immobilized, and the dislocations reduced and provisionally immobilized. Indications for surgery are recovery of spinal alignment, unstable lesions, neurological damage, and open fractures.

What is the management of severe head injury?

Emergency care for moderate to severe traumatic brain injuries focuses on making sure the person has enough oxygen and an adequate blood supply, maintaining blood pressure, and preventing any further injury to the head or neck.

What are the priorities for treating haemorrhage in a trauma patient?

Treatment approaches to the management of major haemorrhage have transformed during recent decades, based mainly on retrospective evidence. Contemporary approaches emphasize rapid control of bleeding, early management of coagulopathy, maintenance of adequate perfusion, and minimizing the inflammatory response.

What is the standard management for TBI?

The cornerstone of the management of TBI is the intensive care treatment of these patients with careful attention paid to the airway, oxygenation and adequate hemodynamic support to avoid the secondary injuries that are associated with events such as hypoxia and hypotension.

What is polytrauma treatment?

Polytrauma involves a breakdown of multiple systems in the body, therefore its treatment needs a team of specialists capable of handling the injuries of their system in tandem to the others.

What is a polytrauma patient?

Polytrauma occurs when a person experiences injuries to multiple body parts and organ systems often, but not always, as a result of blast-related events.

What is the initial management of a person presenting with a moderate head injury?

Moderate and severe head injury. The treatment of moderate and severe head injuries begins with initial cardiopulmonary stabilization by ATLS guidelines. The initial resuscitation of a patient with a head injury is of critical importance to prevent hypoxia and hypotension.

What is CPP nursing?

Cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) is the net pressure gradient that drives oxygen delivery to cerebral tissue. It is the difference between the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and the intracranial pressure (ICP), measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg).

What is the management of hemorrhage?

The primary treatment of hemorrhagic shock is to control the source of bleeding as soon as possible and to replace fluid. In controlled hemorrhagic shock (CHS), where the source of bleeding has been occluded, fluid replacement is aimed toward normalization of hemodynamic parameters.

What is the first fluid of choice for a patient in hypovolemic shock secondary to hemorrhaging?

Lactated Ringer’s solution is the most widely available and frequently used balanced salt solution for fluid resuscitation in hemorrhagic shock. It is safe and inexpensive, and it equilibrates rapidly throughout the extracellular compartment, restoring the extracellular fluid deficit associated with blood loss.

How do you manage increased intracranial pressure?

How is ICP treated?

1. Medicine to reduce swelling.
2. Draining extra cerebrospinal fluid or bleeding around the brain.
3. Removing part of the skull (craniotomy) to ease swelling (though this is rare)

How do you control increased intracranial pressure?

Medical options for treating elevated ICP include head of bed elevation, IV mannitol, hypertonic saline, transient hyperventilation, barbiturates, and, if ICP remains refractory, sedation, endotracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation, and neuromuscular paralysis.