What kind of cardiotoxicity does doxorubicin cause?

What kind of cardiotoxicity does doxorubicin cause?

While an effective anti-tumor agent, doxorubicin causes cumulative and dose-dependent cardiotoxicity, ranging from occult changes in myocardial structure and function to severe cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure that may result in cardiac transplantation or death1,2,3,4,5,6.

How do you reduce cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin?

Use of PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin has been shown to decrease the cardiotoxicity of this anthracycline, even at doses >500 mg/m2 [64, 65]. The antioxidant, probucol, has been shown to prevent the decrease in LVEF in animal models of doxorubicin cardiotoxicity [66, 67].

Does doxorubicin cause cardiotoxicity?

The moderate cumulative dose of 250–400 mg/m2 of anthracyclines causes asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction up to 25% and 35%. If the cumulative dose of anthracyclines is 550 mg/m2 then its cardiotoxicity percentage is 7–16% and at the dose of 700 mg/m2 its percentage is 18–48% [8].

How do you reverse doxorubicin toxicity?

Beta blockers have been shown to improve left ventricular function by exerting an antioxidant activity [10, 11]. Dexrazoxane has also been reported to decrease the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin, but this compound can reduce the chemotherapeutic activity of doxorubicin [12].

How does doxorubicin cause heart failure?

After treatment with doxorubicin, mRNA and plasma levels of endothelin-1 in mice are significantly increased [10]. This increase in endothelin-1 caused by doxorubicin potentiates the increased calcium load in cardiomyocytes, thereby facilitating apoptosis and cardiac dysfunction.

Does doxorubicin cause tachycardia?

The incidence of acute cardiotoxicity is approximately 11% [3,4]. The manifestations are usually chest pain due to myopericarditis and/or palpitations due to sinus tachycardia, paroxysmal nonsustained supraventricular tachycardia and premature atrial and ventricular beats.

Is doxorubicin cardiotoxicity reversible?

Because severe doxorubicin cardiotoxicity is reversible in some patients, aggressive supportive therapy is warranted.

How does Adriamycin affect the heart?

Cardiotoxicity means permanent damage to the muscles of the heart or the functioning of the heart. Cardiotoxicity can be severe with Adriamycin treatment and may develop late during therapy, or within two to three months after the treatment has ended.

Can you reverse cardiotoxicity?

With the exception of anthracyclines, cardiotoxicity from most targeting agents is reversible. Concomitant use of cardiotoxic drugs should be avoided, and early detection of asymptomatic cardiac dysfunction is important.

What are the side effects of doxorubicin?

Side Effects

• Cough or hoarseness accompanied by fever or chills.
• darkening or redness of the skin (if you recently had radiation treatment)
• fast or irregular heartbeat.
• fever or chills.
• joint pain.
• lower back or side pain accompanied by fever or chills.
• pain at the injection site.

Which agent is treated for doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy?

β-Adrenergic blocking agents should be considered, as for treatment of other types of systolic heart failure [44]. It has been reported that metoprolol is safe and can be effective in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy [45].

What does cardiotoxicity feel like?

Symptoms: You may be overly tired, or very weak (fatigued). It may be hard for you to do any kind of your normal activities. You may have “coughing spells”, or a long-term (chronic) cough, if your cardiotoxicity results in heart failure (such as congestive heart failure).

What is doxorubicin-dependent cardiotoxicity?

Doxorubicin is an effective anticancer drug with known cardiotoxic side effects. It has been hypothesized that doxorubicin-dependent cardiotoxicity occurs through ROS production and possibly cellular iron accumulation.

Does doxorubicin cause myocardial apoptosis?

Despite well-documented cardiotoxic effects, doxorubicin remains a major anticancer agent. To study the role of myocardial apoptosis following doxorubicin administration, male Wistar rats were exposed to 1. 25, 2. 5, and 5 mg/kg of i. p. doxorubicin and terminated on days 1-7 in groups of five. Doxorubicin caused a significant.

What is doxorubicin used for?

The anthracycline anticancer drug doxorubicin is an effective and frequently used chemotherapeutic agent for various malignancies [1,2]. Its major adverse effect is cardiotoxicity, which may limit its use.

What is the mechanism of doxorubicin toxicity?

Generally, doxorubicin toxicity is originated from the myocardium and then other organs are also ruined. The mechanism of doxorubicin is intercalated with the DNA a … Doxorubicin is utilized for anti-neoplastic treatment for several decades.