What is the function of isoniazid tablet?
Isoniazid is used with other medications to treat active tuberculosis (TB) infections. It is also used alone to prevent active TB infections in people who may be infected with the bacteria (people with positive TB skin test). Isoniazid is an antibiotic and works by stopping the growth of bacteria.
What is the action of isoniazid?
Mechanism of action — The antimicrobial activity of INH is selective for mycobacteria, likely due to its ability to inhibit mycolic acid synthesis, which interferes with cell wall synthesis, thereby producing a bactericidal effect [1].
What type of drug is isoniazid?
Isoniazid is in a class of medications called antituberculosis agents. It works by killing the bacteria that cause tuberculosis.
What is the generic name of isoniazid?
Drug Name : Isoniazid Isoniazid(Tubizid) generic is an antibiotic agent, prescribed for tuberculosis (TB) either alone or with other medications. It works by killing TB organisms.
How long should isoniazid be taken?
Treatment Regimens for Latent TB Infection (LTBI)
| Drug(s) | Duration | Total Doses |
|---|---|---|
| Isoniazid (INH)* and Rifapentine (RPT)† | 3 months | 12 |
| Rifampin (RIF)§ | 4 months | 120 |
| Isoniazid (INH)* and Rifampin)§ | 3 months | 90 |
| Isoniazid (INH) | 6 months | 180 |
What is the most common side effect of isoniazid?
Common side effects may include: numbness, tingling, or burning pain in your hands or feet; nausea, vomiting, upset stomach; or. abnormal liver function tests.
Is isoniazid a chemotherapy drug?
The role of individual drugs in first-line chemotherapy of TB[31] is unique. Isoniazid is responsible for the initial kill of about 95% organisms during the first two days of treatment. Its bactericidal role is then replaced by rifampicin and pyrazinamide during the intensive phase.
Which is a serious side effect of isoniazid?
Rare
- Blurred vision or loss of vision, with or without eye pain.
- convulsions (seizures)
- fever and sore throat.
- joint pain.
- mental depression.
- mood or other mental changes.
- skin rash.
Who should not take isoniazid?
You should not use this medicine if you have active liver disease, or if you have taken isoniazid in the past and it caused liver problems, fever, chills, joint pain, or severe allergic reaction.
Does isoniazid make you gain weight?
Headache, poor concentration, weight gain, poor memory, insomnia, and depression have all been associated with isoniazid use. All patients and healthcare workers should be aware of these serious side effects, especially if suicidal ideation or behavior are suspected.
What happens if I stop taking isoniazid?
Serious and sometimes fatal liver problems may occur during treatment with isoniazid or after you stop taking this medication, even months after stopping. The risk of liver problems is highest in adults between the ages of 35 and 65.
How do you know if isoniazid is working?
Physical Signs That TB Treatment Is Working Overall improvement in the way one feels. Weight gain. Increased appetite. Improvement in strength and stamina.
What is the pathophysiology of isoniazid liver injury?
Isoniazid liver injury: clinical spectrum, pathology, and probable pathogenesis The clinical spectrum of isoniazid-induced liver injury seems to be clinically, biochemically, and histologically indistinguishable from viral hepatitis, except that the injury occurs primarily in persons older than 35 years.
Isoniazid a source of free radicals?
It inhibits the cytochrome P450 system and hence acts as a source of free radicals. Isoniazid is a mild monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAO-I).
What is the mechanism of resistance to isoniazid?
Isoniazid also interferes with mycobacterial metabolism of vitamin B6. Resistance occurs due to decreased bacterial wall penetration. (NCI04) Isoniazid is the most reliable and most commonly used medication for tuberculosis.
What should I know about isoniazid before taking it?
What other information should I know? Isoniazid may cause severe and sometimes fatal liver damage. Tell your doctor if you have or have ever had liver disease, if you drink or have ever drunk large amounts of alcohol, or if you are using or have ever abused injectable street drugs.