What is Teratology and hazards to prenatal development?
Teratogens are any agents from the environment that can cause harm to the developing fetus. • Many harmful agents cause damage only if exposure occurs during a sensitive period of prenatal development.
What are the factors affecting prenatal development?
Five factors that might affect prenatal development are the mother’s diet, the mothers age, prenatal support, the mother’s health, and drug or alcohol use. Each of these points can affect pregnancy and how the fetus develops.
What are the most common problems in prenatal development?
Fetal Macrosomia. When a baby grows overly large in the womb.
What are the hazards of fetal period?
Potential fetal risks include spontaneous abortion, injuries caused by needle puncture, placental separation, chorioamnionitis, premature labour and injury caused by the withdrawal of AF (e.g., amniotic bands).
What are 3 examples of teratogens?
Common teratogens include some medications, recreational drugs, tobacco products, chemicals, alcohol, certain infections, and in some cases, uncontrolled health problems in the birthing parent. Alcohol is a well-known teratogen that can cause harmful effects on the fetus after exposure at any time during pregnancy.
What are 3 environmental factors that affect prenatal development?
Various epidemiological studies have suggested associations between environmental exposures such as air pollution, environmental tobacco smoke, pesticides, solvents, metals, radiation, water contaminants (disinfection by-products, arsenic, and nitrates) and chemicals (persistent organic pollutants (POPs), Bisphenol A.
What are 4 environmental factors that can harm a fetus?
These chemicals include commonly known hazards such as lead, mercury, and environmental tobacco smoke, as well as some pesticides, solvents, products containing chlorine, and other chemicals referred to as “persistent organic pollutants.” The fetus is particularly vulnerable to environmental chemicals that can disrupt …
How does environmental hazards affect prenatal development?
While environmental exposure is how many diseases and conditions are acquired, developing fetuses are particularly vulnerable to these. The effects of environmental hazards on pregnancy can be severe and include disruptions in fetal growth, congenital anomalies, stillbirth, and pregnancy loss.
What are the hazards of prenatal development zygote embryo?
In this stage, all the major organs form, and the embryo becomes very fragile. The biggest dangers are teratogens, which are agents such as viruses, drugs, or radiation that can cause deformities in an embryo or fetus.
What are the five general principles concerning the effects of teratogens on prenatal development?
In considering the effects of drugs on pregnancy, it is important to remember the 6 principles of teratology: genetic susceptibility, development stage, mechanisms, end points, access, and dose response.