What causes subretinal hemorrhage?
Subretinal hemorrhage can arise from the retinal and/or choroidal circulation. Significant subretinal hemorrhage occurs in several conditions, but most commonly is associated with age-related macular degeneration, presumed ocular histoplasmosis, high myopia, retinal arterial macroaneurysm, and trauma.
What is subretinal haemorrhage?
Definition. Subretinal hemorrhage is an accumulation of blood between the neurosensory retina and the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) arising from the choroidal or retinal circulation.
What causes intraocular hemorrhage?
What causes a vitreous hemorrhage? The most common cause is diabetic retinopathy, an eye disease caused by diabetes. In this disease, abnormal blood vessels may grow on the retina. These blood vessels break easily and may leak blood into the eye.
What causes Preretinal hemorrhage?
Underlying causes include retinal tear, bleeding from neovascularization, rupture of the internal limiting membrane, hypertensive retinopathy, posterior vitreous detachment, and vascular occlusion.
What causes Submacular hemorrhage?
Submacular hemorrhage frequently results from a choroidal neovascular membrane secondary to age-related macular degeneration. Other conditions associated with CNVM, including myopia, trauma, ocular histoplasmosis and angioid streaks, can also lead to submacular hemorrhage.
What causes Valsalva retinopathy?
Valsalva retinopathy is a preretinal hemorrhage caused by a sudden increase in intrathoracic or intraabdominal pressure. It was first described by Duane in 1972. It usually occurs in an otherwise healthy eye and spontaneously resolves.
What is intraocular hemorrhage?
Intraocular hemorrhage means bleeding inside the eye. Bleeding can occur from any of the structures of the eye where there is a presence of vasculature. It can bleed inside the anterior chamber, vitreous cavity, retina, choroid, suprachoroidal space, or optic disc.
What causes dot and blot hemorrhages?
Dot and blot hemorrhages occur as microaneurysms rupture in the deeper layers of the retina, such as the inner nuclear and outer plexiform layers. These appear similar to microaneurysms if they are small; fluorescein angiography may be needed to distinguish between the two.
What is Preretinal hemorrhage?
Preretinal hemorrhage is a known complication of diabetic retinopathy. 1 Typically patients present with painless loss of vision due to the blood accumulation in the premacular area between the retina and posterior hyaloid face, or under the internal limiting membrane.
What is Submacular haemorrhage?
Submacular hemorrhage (SMH) is a term which describes a condition characterized by the presence of blood in the potential space between the retinal pigment epithelium and the retinal layer. The blood comes from fragile new vessels in the choroidal layer, formed in the process of choroidal neovascularization CNV).
What is the pathophysiology of subretinal hemorrhage?
Subretinal hemorrhage can arise from the retinal and/or choroidal circulation. Significant subretinal hemorrhage occurs in several conditions, but most commonly is associated with age-related macular degeneration, presumed ocular histoplasmosis, high myopia, retinal arterial macroaneurysm, and trauma.
How is outer retinal degeneration treated in subretinal hemorrhage?
Fibrinolytic-assisted removal of experimental subretinal hemorrhage within seven days reduces outer retinal degeneration. Ophthalmology. 1994 Apr;101 (4):672-81. Morse LS, Benner JD, Hjelmeland LM, Landers MB 3rd.
What is the difference between vitreous and subretinal hemorrhage?
VH (vitreous hemorrhage). Subretinal hemorrhage is an accumulation of blood between the neurosensory retina and the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) arising from the choroidal or retinal circulation. 1. Choroidal Neovascularization (CNV): form when the following factors are present:
What is a retinal hemorrhage?
Retinal hemorrhages are an important ophthalmic diagnostic sign for an underlying systemic vascular disorder. They range from the smallest dot and blot hemorrhage to massive sub-hyaloid hemorrhage.